黎川洲湖船屋位于江西省抚州市黎川县，是一座造型独特、历史悠久的船形古宅。
1. 基本信息
• 地理位置：江西省抚州市黎川县东华山水景区内，洲湖村。
• 始建时间：清道光二十四年（1844年）。
• 建筑特点：船屋整体呈船形，坐西朝东，船头指向北方。建筑结构科学合理，排水系统设计科学，160多年来水火无忧。
2. 历史背景
• 建造者：船屋由清代富商黄徽柔所建，他因经商致富，捐资修建此宅。
• 历史用途：据考证，洲湖船屋是反清复明组织“洪门”（天地会）的总舵所在地，具有重要的历史和文化价值。
3. 建筑结构
• 规模：船屋占地约10亩，建筑面积约10亩，共有108间房和36个天井。
• 结构：船屋采用砖木结构，外部为青砖砌筑，内部梁柱雕饰花鸟人物，门窗图案寓意吉祥，体现清代建筑特色。
• 特点：船屋内部设计奇特，每间房间都开了4到6个门，且间间相通，宛如迷宫。
4. 文化与传说
• 洪门文化：洲湖船屋被认为是洪门文化的发源地之一，与天地会有着密切的联系。洪门是明末清初的反清复明组织，曾在江西、福建等地活动。
• 密室传闻：船屋内传说有一间密室，藏有金银财宝，但至今无人能够找到。
5. 旅游特色
• 景区级别：洲湖船屋是国家3A级旅游景区，吸引了大量游客前来参观。
• 周边景点：洲湖村周边有丰富的自然景观和人文景点，如暖水温泉、原始生态风光等。
6. 其他信息
• 现状：洲湖船屋经过修缮保护，现已成为一个重要的历史文化景点，吸引了众多游客前来探秘。
黎川洲湖船屋以其独特的建筑形态和深厚的历史文化底蕴，成为了一个不可错过的旅游胜地。
Lichuan Zhouhu Ship House introduction
Key facts
• Location: Zhouhu Village, Donghuashan Scenic Area, Lichuan County, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province.
• Construction time: 1844 (the 24th year of the Daoguang reign, Qing dynasty).
• Form and orientation: A massive, ship-shaped courtyard complex, facing east with the bow pointing north.
• Structure and layout: Built in brick-and-wood style; noted for 36 courtyards (天井) and an interlinked plan of 108 rooms (see note below).
• Heritage status: Designated a Provincial Cultural Relics Protection Unit; the ancient village of Zhouhu is listed in the Fourth Batch of Traditional Chinese Villages (designated on December 9, 2016); the site is a National 3A Tourist Attraction.
History and legends
• Builder: Local lore attributes the house to Huang Huirou (also transcribed Huang Weirou), a wealthy Qing-dynasty merchant who funded its construction.
• Association with the Tiandihui (Heaven and Earth Society): Many accounts and media features regard the ship house as linked to, or even as a headquarters of, the Tiandihui (洪门); however, such claims are historical hypotheses and folk traditions rather than conclusions with definitive documentary proof.
• The “108 rooms” and the hidden chamber legend: Oral tradition holds that a secret chamber (said to conceal treasure) exists somewhere within the complex, but its location has never been confirmed.
Architecture and highlights
• Compact yet intricate plan: The complex is renowned for its interconnected rooms and labyrinthine circulation, where many doorways link spaces in unexpected ways.
• Robust traditional engineering: The estate features well-designed drainage and fire-resistant walls (封火墙); locals recount that the complex has remained safe from both fire and water damage for over 160 years.
• Carved details: Beams and columns are adorned with floral and figural carvings, and window lattices bear auspicious motifs, reflecting typical Qing-dynasty craftsmanship.
Visiting information
• Site type: A historic site within the Donghuashan cultural-tourism area; the ancient village and its buildings have undergone protection and restoration to support tourism.
• Nearby points of interest: The surrounding area offers red-culture heritage, traditional architecture, and natural scenery, making it suitable for day trips or combined itineraries in northeastern Jiangxi.
• Practical tips: Check opening hours and ticket policies before visiting, and wear sturdy walking shoes to explore the interlinked interiors and stone-paved paths.
